Sailor damaged a chart with rum (9)

I believe the answer is:

macarthur

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'sailor' is the definition.
I don't know anything about this answer so I can't judge whether this works.

'damaged a chart with rum' is the wordplay.
'damaged' indicates anagramming the letters.
'with' says to put letters next to each other.
'a'+'chart'='achart'
'achart' put after 'rum' is 'rumachart'.
'rumachart' is an anagram of 'MACARTHUR'.

Can you help me to learn more?

(Another definition for macarthur that I've seen is " General".)

I've seen this clue in The Independent.

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