Short afterthought brings cries in anguish (5)
I believe the answer is:
weeps
'cries in anguish' is the definition.
'weeps' can be an answer for 'cries' (I've seen this in another clue). I am not sure about the 'in anguish' bit.
'short afterthought' is the wordplay.
'short' becomes 'wee' (I've seen this in other clues).
'afterthought' becomes 'ps' (as in a PS in a letter).
'wee'+'ps'='WEEPS'
'brings' is the link.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for weeps that I've seen before include "Sobs" , "Sheds tears" .)