Takes a look at small creatures containing phosphorus (8)
I believe the answer is:
inspects
'takes a look at' is the definition.
(inspecting is a kind of taking a look at)
I don't understand the rest of the clue.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for inspects that I've seen before include "Examines carefully" , "acts as an Observer" , "Looks closely at something" , "Examines, subjects to scrutiny" , "Scrutinises" .)