Tyrant a court condemned over case of assault (8)
I believe the answer is:
autocrat
'tyrant' is the definition.
(synonyms)
'a court condemned over case of assault' is the wordplay.
'condemned' is an anagram indicator.
'over' means one lot of letters goes inside another.
'case of' means to remove the middle letters (outsides of).
'assault' with its middle removed is 'at'.
'court' anagrammed gives 'utocr'.
'a' placed inside 'utocr' is 'autocr'.
'autocr'+'at'='AUTOCRAT'
(Other definitions for autocrat that I've seen before include "Despot, tyrant" , "Ruler liable to 12 ac" , "Ruler with absolute power" , "Dictatorial type" , "who's in charge? Absolutely!" .)