White-flowered West Indian plant whose rhizomes yield a starch used as a thickener for food (9)
I believe the answer is:
arrowroot
(Other definitions for arrowroot that I've seen before include "Medicinal plant" , "Nutritious starch from a West Indian plant" , "that thickens" , "Starch used for thickening sauces etc" , "Starchy plant" .)